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Thrombosis/Anti-phospholipid syndrome
APS is a multi-system thrombophilic disorder characterised by thrombosis in the vascular system, a history of pregnancy loss and other obstetric complications. It may occur as a primary disease or in the presence of other autoimmune diseases, particularly SLE.
Common manifestations of the disease in patients can be stroke, large vessel occlusion, levido reticularis and thrombocytopenia. Other more rare manifestions include chorea, Addison’s and acute encephalopathy.
The most common tests to diagnose APS detect lupus anticoagulant (LA) using clotting assays as well as antibodies against cardiolipin and β2-glycoprotein 1 using EIAs.
References:
Bazzan M, Vaccarino A and Marletto F, Thromb J. 2015 23:13-16
Martinez-Flores et al, J Immunol Methods 2015
Wilson et al, Arthritis Rheum 1999 42:1309-1311
Hughes GR, Harris NN and Gharavi AE, J Rheumatol 1986 13:486-489
Specker C, Z Rheumatol. 2015 74(3):191-8
Atsumi T and Koike T, Autoimmunity Rev 2002 1:49-53
Asherson RA and Cervera R, Autoimmunity Rev 2003 2:140-151
Common manifestations of the disease in patients can be stroke, large vessel occlusion, levido reticularis and thrombocytopenia. Other more rare manifestions include chorea, Addison’s and acute encephalopathy.
The most common tests to diagnose APS detect lupus anticoagulant (LA) using clotting assays as well as antibodies against cardiolipin and β2-glycoprotein 1 using EIAs.
References:
Bazzan M, Vaccarino A and Marletto F, Thromb J. 2015 23:13-16
Martinez-Flores et al, J Immunol Methods 2015
Wilson et al, Arthritis Rheum 1999 42:1309-1311
Hughes GR, Harris NN and Gharavi AE, J Rheumatol 1986 13:486-489
Specker C, Z Rheumatol. 2015 74(3):191-8
Atsumi T and Koike T, Autoimmunity Rev 2002 1:49-53
Asherson RA and Cervera R, Autoimmunity Rev 2003 2:140-151
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